The arthashastra summary the western world generally assumes that ancient indian literature lacked in strategic thinking. Money, but kautilya emphasises that real artha is land for the betterment of society. On this page you can read or download kautilya saptanga theory in pdf format. The mauryan empire was larger than the later british india which expanded from the.
Jun 24, 2016 on this page you can read or download kautilya saptanga theory in pdf format. I am giving a brief details of it from my book kautilyas mandala system. Two kautilyan theories amongst many others will be under scrutiny. Kautilya is credited with destroying the nanda tyrant rule and installing chandragupta maurya 321297 b. He authored the ancient indian political treatise, this book. Mandala theory favorable to pakistan sixfold policy march mandala theory favorable to india kautilyas forms of diplomacy also depends on the. Thus, by kautilyas view was used for social cohesion. State and statecraft in kautilya s arthasastra abstract kautilya s arthasastra 4th century b. Kautilyas concept of raja mandala mandala doctrine and.
Ruchi tyagi associate professor department of political science kalindi college kautilyas arthashastra written around 325 b. Kautilya builds up his theory of the state as an organic entity on the basis of seven elements, which he describes in his arthashastra as saptanga. With the saptanga theory, kautilya transcends the idea that state power is. Vijigishu desirous for or would be world conqueror, ari enemy, whose territory if contiguous to vijigishu, madhyama middle king with territory adjoining those of vijigishu and ari and stronger than both and udasina kingdom lying outside or neutral and more powerful. However, if we carefully examine some of the literature after the second urbanisation emergence of the janapads of the subcontinent we find a lot of material which tells us that ancient indian writers were not devoid of the capability of writing treatises on. Mandala theory of kautilya ba politcal science upsc.
He identified four purposes for the dandaniti, they are. Saptanga theory of state refers to the seven limbs of the state. If you dont see any interesting for you, use our search form on bottom v. Kautilya was the minister in the kingdom of chandragupta maurya during 317 293 b. The saptanga theory was given by ancient indian political thinker kautilyachankya in his treatise on statecraft, arthasastra. Kautilyas arthashastra is mainly a work on the art of government.
These cater for different situations in international relations. When there was renewed interest in and exploration of indian philosophy and political thought during and after the indian renaissance in british india, the streams of the initial rediscoveries tended to flow into one of the following channels. His concept stands as barrier against the idea of integration, both at regional and global level. Simple and austere in his life, uninterested in the pomp and pageantry of high position. Saptanga theory in saptanga theory, kautilya has discussed 7 elements constituting state. In his political and administrative ideas, the focus of attention was the king. They prefer to invest their idle time to talk or hang. According to kautilya, dandaniti should form the basis of purusharthas or the goals of life. The science of material gain singularly important indian manual on the art of politics, attributed to kautilya also known as chanakya, who reportedly was chief minister to the emperor chandragupta c. Apr 10, 2018 kautilya chanakya 4th century bce was an indian teacher, philosopher, economist, jurist and royal adviser. Kautilyas arthasastra on war and diplomacy in ancient india. Theory of state in kautilyas arthashastra kalindi college. Raja mandala theory and its relevance history essay.
The rajamandala theory consists of four principal types of states viz. The state is defined for the first time in the arthasastra of kautilya as consisting of. Chanakya arthashastra pdf in hindi, english, sanskrit all. As such, he is considered the pioneer of the field of political science and economics in india, and his work is thought of as an important precursor to classical economics. The arthashastra a treatise on statecraft and military strategy. Kautilya, in the arthashastra, suggests that the state must always be adequately fortified, its armed forces prepared and resourced to defend itself against acts of war. Most international relations scholars treat his arthashastra as a treatise of unvarnished realism in this third episode of war rooms special series on great strategists, larry goodson presents the writings of kautilya, who is lesser known to military audiences that clausewitz or sun tzu.
Like machiavelli, he was concerned with the state of his own times. Published by shama shastri in 1909 contains 15 parts, 180 divisions, 150 chapters and 6,000 shlokas 2. Ramaswamy said, the arthasastra is truly an anthology of political wisdom and theory and an art of statecraft, scattered in prekautilyan writings. Pdf kautilyas saptang theory nitish yadav academia. The mauryan era of ancient india gave the world a significant treatise, the arthashastra of kautilya.
According to kautilya king is independent and his responsibility for peace, justice and stability is stressed. The third textimmanent concept cluster is the matsyanyaya theory. The four sciences of kautilya can contribute to a great extent to overcome the present catastrophe in public governance system. Kautilya maintained that it is essential duty of government to maintain order. Kautilya was of the opinion that the people were oppressed by. The entire arthashastra is addressed to the king, the sole ruler of the state. Workshop in political theory and policy analysis, indiana university. The ideologies of kautilya regarding state, statecraft, and ethics. Arthashastra thus contains both the civil law and criminal law. The states participate in diplomacy and war using the six methods of foreign policy. The saptanga theory also provides a benchmark for assessing the correlation of forces between states, which is the basis for the shadgunya theory the six ways of conducting foreign policy. Saptanga theory which has been mentioned in arthashastra includes all the seven organs of the state which has been separately elaborated among the various volumes of arthashastra. Kautilyas arthashastra and perspectives on organizational management article pdf available in asian social science 41 january 2009 with 8,508 reads how we measure reads.
The saptanga theory was given by ancient indian political thinker. These together with atharvaveda and the itihasaveda are known as the vedas. These seven elements can be called as the 7 determinants of power. The king should have the best qualities of both head and heart. Kautilya, chanakya or visnugupta is considered as one of the most able politician and minister in the indian history. Kautilya s arthashastra and indian security policy seminar. The saptanga theory given by kautilya pertains to the 7 elements of which among the following. This work deals with virtually all aspects of governance in a monarchical state. In his excellent discussion of kautilyas mandala theory of foreign policy, singh continues by correctly stating that this is ancient indias most notable contribution to political theory. Statecraft and intelligence analysis in the kautilyaarthashastra. Dec 04, 2011 the saptanga theory given by kautilya pertains to the 7 elements of which among the following. State and statecraft in kautilyas arthasastra abstract kautilyas arthasastra 4th century b. Kautilya arthashastra saptanga theory indian political.
Kautilya, prioritised dharma as the supreme goal amongst the three life goalsarthadharmakamato attain kautilya later moksha. An analytical study of the relevance of arthshastra in modern. He defines order broadly to include both social as well as order in the sense of preventing and punishing criminal activity. What are the main features of the saptanga theory answers. It is argued that the discussions in the arthashastra generally end by stating the authors opinion with the words. Oct 14, 2016 the rajamandala theory consists of four principal types of states viz. Also a means to ensure the wellbeing of men ingeneral two fold aims palana. Shamasastry says, the theory of social contract was not unknown in the days of chanakya. The saptanga theory provides a comprehensive understanding of. Elements of state kautilya used the word rajya which according to spellman, corresponds to the english word state. Oct 21, 2014 kautilyas saptang theory of state the mauryan era of ancient india gave the world a significant treatise, the arthashastra of kautilya. In his treatise arthashastra, he teaches a king the how of managing artha transliteration.
An analytical study of the relevance of arthshastra in modern india. Kautilyas arthasashtra is magnificent work on ancient political thought which was undoubtedly composed between 3rd2nd century b. Kautilya is known as the indian machiavelli because of his ruthless and shrewd tactics and policies reflecting an approach to statecraft including warfare. War is only a continuance of thestate policy by other means. He has been considered as one of the shrewdest ministers of the times and has explained his views on state, war, social structures, diplomacy, ethics, politics and statecraft very clearly in his book called arthashastra. He was a philosopher and a statesman of outstanding class. In the indian philosophy, the objective of every being is the pursuit of dharma. Kautilyas mandala theory of foreign policies and interstate relationships though cannot be said to be completely applicable in the present context, though one cannot ignore its relevance. To understand the concept of raja mandala theory, the six methods of foreign policy enunciated by chanakya must be understood. Kautilya was the great prime minister of chandragupta maurya. Arthshastra concerned with the acquisition and protection ofmeans of livelihood. Gowen, the indian machiavelli or political theory in india two.
Kautilya chanakya 4th century bce was an indian teacher, philosopher, economist, jurist and royal adviser. He sat with the reins of empire in his hands and looked upon the emperor more as a loved pupil than as master. Kautilyas views on kingship is like that of the philosopher king of plato. Gk, general studies, optional notes for upsc, ias, banking, civil services. The three vedas, sama, rik and yajus, constitute the triple vedas. Kautilya recognised that foreign trade in goods and services is a major vehicle for increasing the state wealth. Saptanga theory had been formulated by kautilya and mentioned in hi book, arthashastra share this article. Kautilya, arthasastra, national power, ancient strategy, mandala theory. Kautilya is considered the first great political realist. Kautilya favors peace over war, because he asserts that in most situations, peace is more conducive to creation of wealth, prosperity and security of the people.
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